APPLYING THE THREE PRINCIPLES OF SOVEREIGNTY TO ENHANCE GOVERNANCE FOR TRANSPARENCY AND FAIRNESS IN PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICES.

Abstract

This article proposes guidelines for applying the Three Sovereign Powers (Attadhipateyya, Lokadhipateyya, and Dhammadhipateyya) to drive good governance in Primary Educational Service Area Offices (PESAO). It emphasizes utilizing Dhammadhipateyya, rooted in Buddhist philosophy, as an "internal compass" to transcend the limitations of Western structural mechanisms. Employing document analysis and literature synthesis, the study reveals that while Attadhipateyya and Lokadhipateyya possess dual dimensions that can lead to authoritarianism, populism, or nepotism if unguided, centering on Dhammadhipateyya effectively balances self-confidence and public consensus by prioritizing righteousness and the public good. The article concludes that integrating the Three Sovereign Powers infuses genuine transparency, justice, and accountability into good governance. This shifts operations from mere formal compliance to ethical decision-making under internal and external pressures, ultimately benefiting educational leader development and sustainable educational policy-making.