A Buddhological Analysis of the Processes and Stages of "Phuttho" Samatha-Vipassana Meditation in the Lineage of Luang Pu Mun Bhuridatta: A Case Study of Phra Ajahn Singh Khantiyagamo’s Treatises

Abstract

This analytical research article aims to systematically study, investigate, and synthesize the structural mechanisms of the mind within the process of "Phuttho" Samatha-Vipassana meditation. The study focuses on a case analysis of the foundational treatises and strategic teachings of Phra Ajahn Singh Khantiyagamo, a pivotal master who laid the groundwork for the Forest Tradition’s practice. The findings reveal that the mental dynamics within this lineage consist of logically coherent and sequential stages. It begins with the establishment of a firm ethical foundation through the power of faith and strict adherence to Precept-Restraint (Sila-Samvara), which serves as the primary barrier to reduce emotional friction and suppress the Five Hindrances (Nivarana) that disturb the mind. Once this foundation is ready, the mind enters the dynamic phase of efficient Samatha Bhavana, utilizing the "Phuttho" mantra seamlessly integrated with mindfulness of breathing (Anapanasati) to elevate the intensity of mindfulness and concentration through hierarchical levels: from momentary (Khanika), to access (Upacara), and finally attainment concentration (Appana). This state culminates in the unification of the mind, giving rise to "The Knower" (The Buddha-nature), characterized by extraordinary alertness, luminosity, and mental pliancy.

In the subsequent stage, when the mind possesses fortified "Concentration Power" (Samadhi-bala) and tactical readiness, the process transitions into intensive Vipassana. This involves the strategic investigation of mindfulness directed towards the body (Kayagata-sati) and the deconstruction of the four elements to dismantle the four cognitive distortions (Vipallasa) and eradicate "Self-illusion" (Sakkaya-ditthi) or the deep-rooted attachment to a permanent self. This study significantly highlights that the core of the Phuttho practice is not merely focusing on passive stillness for temporary bliss, but rather the strategic management of awareness and wisdom to permanently and completely uproot the underlying fermentations (Asava) embedded in the subconscious. This leads to a systematic state of liberation (Vimutti) in accordance with the traditional Buddhist path passed down through generations.