Reform of local government organizations abroad: Case studies of Japan, France, United States, Germany, and Malaysia

Abstract

The objective of this academic article is to study and compare the reform of the governance structure of local government organizations in foreign countries, including Japan, France, the United States, Germany, and Malaysia, in order to see the problems. and the establishment of a new local management model. Including the development of cooperation between the population and government agencies. For efficiency from before, make things better. Academic literature on foreign structural reform points out that Japan, France, the United States, Germany and Malaysia Has had experience in structural reform from the past to the present. The amalgamation of local areas has the same objective: development of management, budget, people, equipment, and tools. to be effective in developing their own locality From studying academic articles, it can be seen that the advantages of structural reform are 1) increasing the efficiency of human resources; 2) Creating cooperation among the people according to the democratic regime by giving people and people the opportunity to participate in local development. 3) To create comprehensive services for the people. 4) Disadvantages: causing confusion. In terms of local government structure or redundant in the area and delayed management is not necessary and appropriate for social and economic development. Especially urban communities that are expanding because they may face budget problems and regulations and supporting laws.