Development of a Servant Leadership Model for Student Leaders at Private Universities in Henan Province, China

บทคัดย่อ

The research objectives were 1) to synthesize the components and characteristics of servant leadership of student leaders in private universities, 2) to determine the current level of servant leadership of student leaders in private universities in Henan Province, China, 3) to determine the extent to which personal and organizational factors influence servant leadership of student leaders in private universities in Henan Province, 4) to propose a model that private universities in Henan Province can implement to enhance the servant leadership of student leaders, and 5) to evaluate the effectiveness of the servant leadership model after its implementation. The instrument used was a structured questionnaire, supplemented by expert interviews and a model implementation process. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and multiple regression analyses, and a paired-sample t-test, together with model validation.

The findings revealed that 1) the servant leadership of student leaders mainly consists of five core dimensions: empathy, service, helping others grow, stewardship, and behavioral integrity, 2) the current level of servant leadership of student leaders in private universities in Henan Province, China was at a high level (overall M = 3.59), 3) personal and organizational factors had a significant influence on the servant leadership of student leaders, jointly explaining 42.6–49.9% of the variance across dimensions; 4) a servant leadership model for student leaders in private universities in Henan Province was developed as a hierarchical five-step framework integrating both personal and organizational antecedents, and 5) the model was confirmed effective, with paired-sample t-tests showing significant pre–post improvements in empathy, service, and helping others grow (p < .05).